diff --git a/UIShare/GlobalVariable/DeviceManager.cs b/UIShare/GlobalVariable/DeviceManager.cs
index 7eaaf67..3202aa8 100644
--- a/UIShare/GlobalVariable/DeviceManager.cs
+++ b/UIShare/GlobalVariable/DeviceManager.cs
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ namespace UIShare.GlobalVariable
     {
         private object _lockObj = new object();
         public SystemConfig _systemConfig { get; set; }
+        private readonly GlobalInfo _globalInfo;
 
         /// <summary>按 DeviceName 索引的设备字典，便于业务层按名取实例。</summary>
         public IDictionary<string, IBaseInterface> DeviceMap { get; private set; }
@@ -27,11 +28,33 @@ namespace UIShare.GlobalVariable
         /// <summary>类名 → Type 的反射缓存（仅扫描一次）。</summary>
         private static readonly IReadOnlyDictionary<string, Type> _deviceTypeMap = BuildDeviceTypeMap();
 
-        public DeviceManager(SystemConfig systemConfig)
+        public DeviceManager(SystemConfig systemConfig, GlobalInfo globalInfo)
         {
             _systemConfig = systemConfig;
+            _globalInfo = globalInfo;
             InitDevices();
         }
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 根据设备配置提取唯一的硬件指纹字符串。
+        /// <para>Tcp → "Tcp:IP:Port"；Serial → "Serial:PortName"；无法识别则返回空字符串。</para>
+        /// </summary>
+        private static string ExtractHardwareFingerprint(DeviceInfoVM config)
+        {
+            if (string.Equals(config.ConnectionType, "Tcp", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
+                && config.TcpConfig != null)
+            {
+                return $"Tcp:{config.TcpConfig.IPAddress}:{config.TcpConfig.Port}";
+            }
+
+            if (string.Equals(config.ConnectionType, "Serial", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
+                && config.SerialPortConfig != null)
+            {
+                return $"Serial:{config.SerialPortConfig.PortName}";
+            }
+
+            return string.Empty;
+        }
+
         private void InitDevices()
         {
             DeviceMap = new Dictionary<string, IBaseInterface>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
@@ -51,24 +74,41 @@ namespace UIShare.GlobalVariable
 
                 try
                 {
-                    IBaseInterface? instance = config.ConnectionType switch
+                    // 第一步：提取硬件指纹，为空则跳过
+                    var fingerprint = ExtractHardwareFingerprint(config);
+                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fingerprint))
                     {
-                        "Tcp" => CreateTcpDevice(deviceType, config.TcpConfig),
-                        "Serial" => CreateSerialDevice(deviceType, config.SerialPortConfig),
-                        _ => null
-                    };
+                        LoggerHelper.Warn($"设备 [{config.DeviceName}] 无法提取硬件指纹（连接方式={config.ConnectionType}），已跳过。");
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    // 第二步：原子化获取或添加 Lazy 包装盒，确保同一指纹全局只创建一个实例
+                    var lazy = _globalInfo.HardwarePool.GetOrAdd(fingerprint, key => new Lazy<IBaseInterface>(() =>
+                    {
+                        return config.ConnectionType switch
+                        {
+                            "Tcp" => CreateTcpDevice(deviceType, config.TcpConfig)!,
+                            "Serial" => CreateSerialDevice(deviceType, config.SerialPortConfig)!,
+                            _ => null!
+                        };
+                    }));
+
+                    // 第三步：安全拆盒，Lazy 内部线程锁保证只实例化一次
+                    var instance = lazy.Value;
 
                     if (instance == null)
                     {
                         LoggerHelper.Warn($"设备 [{config.DeviceName}] 连接方式 [{config.ConnectionType}] 不支持，已跳过。");
                         continue;
                     }
+
+                    // 第四步：绑定逻辑名 → 同一物理设备可被多个台架名称映射
                     if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(config.DeviceName))
                     {
                         DeviceMap[config.DeviceName] = instance;
                     }
 
-                    LoggerHelper.Info($"已加载设备 [{config.DeviceName} / {config.DeviceType} / {config.ConnectionType}]");
+                    LoggerHelper.Info($"已加载设备 [{config.DeviceName} / {config.DeviceType} / {config.ConnectionType}] 指纹={fingerprint}");
                 }
                 catch (Exception ex)
                 {
diff --git a/UIShare/GlobalVariable/GlobalInfo.cs b/UIShare/GlobalVariable/GlobalInfo.cs
index ab5fc5c..fde936c 100644
--- a/UIShare/GlobalVariable/GlobalInfo.cs
+++ b/UIShare/GlobalVariable/GlobalInfo.cs
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-using System;
+using DeviceCommand.Base;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Concurrent;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
@@ -13,6 +15,10 @@ namespace UIShare.GlobalVariable
         public Dictionary<string,StepRunning> StepRunningDic { get; set; }
         public Dictionary<string, SystemConfig> ConfigDic { get; set; }
         public Dictionary<string, IScopedProvider> ScopeDic { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>硬件指纹 → 设备实例的并发池，确保同一物理硬件全局只创建一个驱动实例。</summary>
+        public ConcurrentDictionary<string, Lazy<IBaseInterface>> HardwarePool { get; set; }
+
         public String UserName { get; set; } = "Not Logged in";
         public bool IsAdmin { get; set; } = true;
         public string CurrentOpeningScope;
@@ -35,6 +41,7 @@ namespace UIShare.GlobalVariable
             StepRunningDic = new();
             ConfigDic = new();
             ScopeDic = new();
+            HardwarePool = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, Lazy<IBaseInterface>>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
             CurrentScope = "default";
         }