diff --git a/UIShare/GlobalVariable/DeviceManager.cs b/UIShare/GlobalVariable/DeviceManager.cs
index 2a9fa7e..07d753e 100644
--- a/UIShare/GlobalVariable/DeviceManager.cs
+++ b/UIShare/GlobalVariable/DeviceManager.cs
@@ -15,11 +15,12 @@ namespace UIShare.GlobalVariable
     /// 设备管理器：根据 <see cref="SystemConfig.DeviceList"/> 反射实例化所有启用的设备，
     /// 通过 <see cref="IBaseInterface"/> 多态统一管理，避免为每种设备单独硬编码字段。
     /// </summary>
-    public class DeviceManager
+    public class DeviceManager:IDisposable
     {
         private object _lockObj = new object();
         public SystemConfig _systemConfig { get; set; }
         private readonly GlobalInfo _globalInfo;
+        private readonly string _scopeName;
 
         /// <summary>按 DeviceName 索引的设备字典，便于业务层按名取实例。</summary>
         public IDictionary<string, IBaseInterface> DeviceMap { get; private set; }
@@ -32,6 +33,8 @@ namespace UIShare.GlobalVariable
         {
             _systemConfig = systemConfig;
             _globalInfo = globalInfo;
+            // 用 SystemConfig.Title 作为作用域唯一标识，无需反查 ConfigDic
+            _scopeName =  _systemConfig.Title;
             InitDevices();
         }
         /// <summary>
@@ -108,6 +111,18 @@ namespace UIShare.GlobalVariable
                         DeviceMap[config.DeviceName] = instance;
                     }
 
+                    // 第五步：将当前作用域注册到指纹的作用域列表，用于引用计数与安全销毁
+                    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(_scopeName))
+                    {
+                        var scopeList = _globalInfo.DeviceAndScopeDic.GetOrAdd(fingerprint,
+                            _ => new Lazy<List<string>>(() => new List<string>())).Value;
+                        lock (scopeList)
+                        {
+                            if (!scopeList.Contains(_scopeName))
+                                scopeList.Add(_scopeName);
+                        }
+                    }
+
                     LoggerHelper.Info($"已加载设备 [{config.DeviceName} / {config.DeviceType} / {config.ConnectionType}] 指纹={fingerprint}");
                 }
                 catch (Exception ex)
@@ -338,6 +353,50 @@ namespace UIShare.GlobalVariable
             };
             return Activator.CreateInstance(type, cfg) as IBaseInterface;
         }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(_scopeName)) return;
+
+            // 遍历当前作用域用到的所有指纹，逐一移除本作用域的引用
+            var fingerprintsToRemove = new List<string>();
+
+            foreach (var kvp in _globalInfo.DeviceAndScopeDic)
+            {
+                string fingerprint = kvp.Key;
+                var scopeList = kvp.Value.IsValueCreated ? kvp.Value.Value : null;
+                if (scopeList == null) continue;
+
+                lock (scopeList)
+                {
+                    scopeList.Remove(_scopeName);
+
+                    // 引用归零 → 标记为待清理
+                    if (scopeList.Count == 0)
+                        fingerprintsToRemove.Add(fingerprint);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // 对引用归零的指纹：销毁设备实例 + 从全局池中移除
+            foreach (var fingerprint in fingerprintsToRemove)
+            {
+                // 尝试从 HardwarePool 取出并销毁
+                if (_globalInfo.HardwarePool.TryRemove(fingerprint, out var lazy))
+                {
+                    if (lazy.IsValueCreated && lazy.Value is IBaseInterface device)
+                    {
+                        try { device.Close(); }
+                        catch { /* 销毁时忽略异常 */ }
+                        LoggerHelper.Info($"指纹 [{fingerprint}] 无作用域引用，已销毁设备实例。");
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // 同步清除 DeviceAndScopeDic 中的空条目
+                _globalInfo.DeviceAndScopeDic.TryRemove(fingerprint, out _);
+            }
+
+            DeviceMap.Clear();
+        }
         #endregion
     }
 }
diff --git a/UIShare/GlobalVariable/GlobalInfo.cs b/UIShare/GlobalVariable/GlobalInfo.cs
index fde936c..2e7f0f1 100644
--- a/UIShare/GlobalVariable/GlobalInfo.cs
+++ b/UIShare/GlobalVariable/GlobalInfo.cs
@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@ namespace UIShare.GlobalVariable
         /// <summary>硬件指纹 → 设备实例的并发池，确保同一物理硬件全局只创建一个驱动实例。</summary>
         public ConcurrentDictionary<string, Lazy<IBaseInterface>> HardwarePool { get; set; }
 
+        /// <summary>硬件指纹 → 正在使用该设备的作用域名称列表，用于引用计数与安全销毁。</summary>
+        public ConcurrentDictionary<string, Lazy<List<string>>> DeviceAndScopeDic { get; set; }
+
         public String UserName { get; set; } = "Not Logged in";
         public bool IsAdmin { get; set; } = true;
         public string CurrentOpeningScope;
@@ -42,6 +45,7 @@ namespace UIShare.GlobalVariable
             ConfigDic = new();
             ScopeDic = new();
             HardwarePool = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, Lazy<IBaseInterface>>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+            DeviceAndScopeDic = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, Lazy<List<string>>>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
             CurrentScope = "default";
         }