ACP/DeviceCommand/Base/Serial_Port.cs

using Model.Models;
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace DeviceCommand.Base
{
    public class Serial_Port : ISerialPort, IDisposable
    {
        public string PortName { get; set; } = "COM1";
        public int BaudRate { get; set; } = 9600;
        public int DataBits { get; set; } = 8;
        public StopBits StopBits { get; set; } = StopBits.One;
        public Parity Parity { get; set; } = Parity.None;
        public int ReadTimeout { get; set; } = 3000;
        public int WriteTimeout { get; set; } = 3000;

        private SerialPort _serialPort;
        public bool IsConnected => _serialPort?.IsOpen ?? false;
        protected readonly SemaphoreSlim commLock = new(1, 1);

        public Serial_Port()
        {
            _serialPort = new SerialPort();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 通过 <see cref="SerialPortConfig"/> 一次性配置串口通信参数。
        /// </summary>
        public Serial_Port(SerialPortConfig config) : this()
        {
            if (config == null) return;
            ConfigureDevice(config.PortName, config.BaudRate, config.DataBits, config.StopBits, config.Parity, config.ReadTimeout, config.WriteTimeout);
        }

        public void ConfigureDevice(string portName, int baudRate, int dataBits = 8, StopBits stopBits = StopBits.One, Parity parity = Parity.None, int readTimeout = 3000, int writeTimeout = 3000)
        {
            PortName = portName;
            BaudRate = baudRate;
            DataBits = dataBits;
            StopBits = stopBits;
            Parity = parity;
            ReadTimeout = readTimeout;
            WriteTimeout = writeTimeout;
        }

        public virtual async Task<bool> ConnectAsync(CancellationToken ct = default)
        {
            await commLock.WaitAsync(ct);
            try
            {
                if (_serialPort.IsOpen) _serialPort.Close();

                _serialPort.PortName = PortName;
                _serialPort.BaudRate = BaudRate;
                _serialPort.DataBits = DataBits;
                _serialPort.StopBits = StopBits;
                _serialPort.Parity = Parity;

                // 允许底层保留默认设置，控制权交给外层 WaitAsync
                _serialPort.ReadTimeout = SerialPort.InfiniteTimeout;
                _serialPort.WriteTimeout = SerialPort.InfiniteTimeout;

                _serialPort.Open();
                return true;
            }
            finally
            {
                commLock.Release();
            }
        }

        public virtual void Close()
        {
            if (_serialPort?.IsOpen == true) _serialPort.Close();
        }

        private async Task LoglessSendAsync(string data, CancellationToken ct)
        {
            if (!_serialPort.IsOpen) throw new InvalidOperationException("串口未打开。");

            byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);

            try
            {
                if (WriteTimeout > 0)
                {
                    // 核心修改：使用 WaitAsync 精准控制写入超时
                    await _serialPort.BaseStream.WriteAsync(bytes, 0, bytes.Length, ct)
                                     .WaitAsync(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(WriteTimeout), ct)
                                     .ConfigureAwait(false);
                }
                else
                {
                    await _serialPort.BaseStream.WriteAsync(bytes, 0, bytes.Length, ct).ConfigureAwait(false);
                }
            }
            catch (TimeoutException ex)
            {
                throw new TimeoutException($"串口写入数据超时（{WriteTimeout} ms）", ex);
            }
        }

        public async Task SendAsync(string data, CancellationToken ct = default)
        {
            await commLock.WaitAsync(ct);
            try
            {
                await LoglessSendAsync(data, ct);
            }
            finally
            {
                commLock.Release();
            }
        }

        private async Task<string> LoglessReadAsync(string delimiter, CancellationToken ct)
        {
            if (!_serialPort.IsOpen) throw new InvalidOperationException("串口未打开。");

            delimiter ??= "\n";
            var sb = new StringBuilder();
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];

            try
            {
                while (true)
                {
                    ct.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();

                    int bytesRead;
                    if (ReadTimeout > 0)
                    {
                        // 核心修改：使用 WaitAsync 精准控制单次异步读取超时
                        bytesRead = await _serialPort.BaseStream.ReadAsync(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, ct)
                                                     .WaitAsync(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(ReadTimeout), ct)
                                                     .ConfigureAwait(false);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        bytesRead = await _serialPort.BaseStream.ReadAsync(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, ct).ConfigureAwait(false);
                    }

                    if (bytesRead == 0) continue;

                    sb.Append(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, bytesRead));

                    string currentText = sb.ToString();
                    int index = currentText.IndexOf(delimiter, StringComparison.Ordinal);
                    if (index >= 0)
                    {
                        return currentText.Substring(0, index).Trim();
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (TimeoutException ex)
            {
                // 关键防污染策略：串口发生命令错、超时不响应时，WaitAsync 会立功捕获异常
                // 我们直接清空串口驱动内部的输入缓冲区，把残余垃圾数据物理抹除，确保下一条指令安全、不掉线
                ClearHardwareBuffer();
                throw new TimeoutException($"串口读取超时（未收到结束符 '{delimiter}'），等待时间：{ReadTimeout} ms", ex);
            }
        }

        public async Task<string> ReadAsync(string delimiter = "\n", CancellationToken ct = default)
        {
            await commLock.WaitAsync(ct);
            try
            {
                return await LoglessReadAsync(delimiter, ct);
            }
            finally
            {
                commLock.Release();
            }
        }

        public async Task<string> WriteReadAsync(string command, string delimiter = "\n", CancellationToken ct = default)
        {
            await commLock.WaitAsync(ct);
            try
            {
                // 发送新命令前先冲洗一下缓冲区，双重保险
                ClearHardwareBuffer();

                await LoglessSendAsync(command, ct);
                return await LoglessReadAsync(delimiter, ct);
            }
            finally
            {
                commLock.Release();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 物理强制清空串口驱动层及软件层的缓冲区
        /// </summary>
        private void ClearHardwareBuffer()
        {
            try
            {
                if (_serialPort?.IsOpen == true)
                {
                    _serialPort.DiscardInBuffer();  // 清空硬件接收缓冲区
                    _serialPort.DiscardOutBuffer(); // 清空硬件发送缓冲区
                }
            }
            catch
            {
                // 忽略清理异常
            }
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
            if (_serialPort != null)
            {
                if (_serialPort.IsOpen) _serialPort.Close();
                _serialPort.Dispose();
            }
            commLock?.Dispose();
        }
    }
}